Selenium

Material information

The Light-Responsive Semiconductor

Harnessing the power of light and electricity with Less Common Metals.

Selenium is a metal that reacts to its environment like few others. It bridges the gap between light and electricity, making it one of the earliest and most fascinating materials used in optoelectronics. From vintage light meters to modern solar energy arrays, Selenium is a foundational element for technology that responds to the world around it.

As a premier UK supplier of high-purity metals, Less Common Metals (LCM) provides the vital materials required for advanced electronics and specialised manufacturing. Based in Ellesmere Port, UK, we supply the high-grade Selenium essential for solid-state electronics, energy generation and metallurgical additives.

Technical Details

CompositionSelenium Lump 99.999%
Common metallic impuritiesTrace metals basis
Physical Description3mm Pellets
AnalyticsICP-OES
Certificate of analysisAvailable upon request
PackagingPacked in sealed polythene bags and supplied in securely sealed metal drums, resist-ant to the impregnation of water

What is Selenium?

Selenium is a non-metal (often classed as a metalloid) that exists in several allotropic forms, the most stable being a dense, purplish-grey crystalline structure. It’s rarely found in its elemental state in nature and is primarily obtained as a byproduct of refining copper. Its most remarkable property is its photoconductivity. Meaning its ability to conduct electricity drastically improves the brighter the light shining upon it.

 

What is Selenium used for?

Because of its unique relationship with light and electricity, Selenium has a diverse range of applications across several industries:

  • Optoelectronics & Solar Cells: Thanks to its photoconductive properties, Selenium has historically been used in devices that respond to light intensity, such as electric eyes, photocells and light meters for cameras and copiers. As it can produce electricity directly from sunlight, it also remains an important component in certain types of thin-film solar cells.

  • Solid-State Electronics & Rectifiers: As a semiconductor, Selenium is used in various solid-state electronic devices. Crucially, it’s used to manufacture selenium rectifiers. Devices that convert alternating current (AC) electricity into direct current (DC) electricity were historically used in power supplies before silicon diodes became widespread.

  • Glassmaking & Pigments: Beyond electronics, Selenium is highly prized in the glassmaking industry. It is used to de-colourise glass by neutralising the green tints caused by Iron impurities, or, when used in larger quantities, to create a striking ruby-red colour in glasses and enamels (often seen in traffic lights).

  • Metallurgical Additive: Small amounts of Selenium are added to stainless steel, Copper, and brass alloys to improve their machinability without significantly altering their underlying strength or corrosion resistance.

Selenium Industry Insight

While Silicon has largely replaced Selenium in mainstream rectifiers and standard electronics, Selenium remains incredibly valuable in specialised, niche applications. Its use in thin-film photovoltaics (like CIGS solar cells) and advanced glassmaking ensures that demand for high-purity Selenium remains strong as industries look for unique material properties that standard elements simply cannot replicate.

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